risk-nexus/findings/RISK-F-0009-openbao-deny-set-covers-a-third-of-high-risk-lanes.md

id	type	title	status	owner	reported_by	reported_via	routed_by	date_reported	system	environment	fix_owner	fix_tracking	filed_as	answers	related	severity	severity_at_production	impact	likelihood	fidelity_modifier	production_rescore	disclosure	publication	publication_id	publication_path	publication_subtitle	revision	last_reviewed	review_interval	embargo_lifted	embargo_was_since	escalation	date_fixed	last_checked	next_check	cadence	clean_streak	graded_by	ruling	checked_by
RISK-F-0009	finding	agent-high-risk-boundary denies 6 of 17 high-risk lanes; the direct bao path is unprotected for the rest	fixed	risk-nexus	ops-warden	ops-warden	ops-warden	2026-08-20	railiance-platform	production	railiance-platform	RPF-WP-0013 / RAILIANCE-WP-0022 (finished 2026-08-22)	RISK-F-0004 by ops-warden; renumbered by risk-nexus 2026-08-20 (id collision)	RISK-F-0003	RISK-F-0003	high	high	I4	L2	false	false	public	pending-handover	risk-f-0009-openbao-high-risk-deny-coverage	findings/openbao-high-risk-deny-coverage/v1/index.html	OpenBao's agent boundary covered only a fraction of high-risk credential lanes; generated source-to-live coverage and deny-wins proof now close the gap.	fixed-1	2026-09-01	6m	2026-08-22 — every concrete high-risk KV path is generated into the live deny policy and a dedicated agent identity proved deny-wins	2026-08-20	none	2026-08-22	2026-09-01T00:32:44Z	2026-09-01T00:32:44Z	instant	0	risk-nexus	RISK-RULING-2026-08-20	codex/risk-nexus

RISK-F-0009 — the OpenBao half of the agent read-boundary covers a third of the lanes

What is true

ADR-0004 (ops-warden) is enforced in two independent layers:

1. ops-warden's CLI — warden access <lane> --fetch exits 7 when WARDEN_AGENT_ID is set and the lane is high-risk. Verified working for all 17 high-risk lanes as of 2026-08-20 (WARDEN-WP-0032-T05/T06).
2. OpenBao policy agent-high-risk-boundary (railiance-platform/openbao/policies/agent-high-risk-boundary.hcl) — denies data read and permits metadata read for agent tokens.

Layer 1 protects the ops-warden path. Layer 2 is the one that protects the path an agent actually takes when it bypasses ops-warden — a direct bao kv get, which is the 2026-07-16 disclosure vector.

Comparing the policy's deny list against ops-warden's catalog:

• 17 lanes graded risk: high
• 5 data paths denied by the policy
• 6 high-risk lanes covered (one policy path serves two lanes)
• 8 high-risk lanes with a concrete KV path that the policy does not deny
• 3 high-risk lanes with no KV path (policy not applicable)

Not covered:

Lane	KV path	Newly graded 2026-08-19?
rapp-qonto-keycape-client	platform/workloads/rapp-qonto/keycape-client	no — already high
agent-harness-forgejo-deploy	platform/workloads/agent-harness/forgejo-deploy-key	no — already high
email-connect-transactional	platform/workloads/email-connect/transactional	no — already high
scaleway-bootstrap	platform/workloads/railiance/scaleway/bootstrap	no — already high
whynot-design-npm-publish	platform/workloads/coulomb/whynot-design/npm-publish	yes
audit-core-senders	platform/workloads/audit-core/senders	yes
ops-warden-warden-sign-token	credential-broker grant, not a KV path	yes
openbao-api-key	platform/workloads/<domain>/<workload>/<bundle> — a pattern, not a path	yes

Four of the eight were already graded high before this analysis. The divergence is therefore pre-existing and not a consequence of the 2026-08-19 regrade; the regrade only made it visible by making the two lists comparable.

Why it matters

ops-warden's layer can be bypassed by not using ops-warden. An agent session holding a workload-kv-read-* policy can bao kv get these paths directly, and for the eight above nothing denies it. The playbook (ops-warden/wiki/playbooks/agent-read-boundary.md) already states that an agent token carrying agent-high-risk-boundary must not also carry the lane's workload-kv-read-* policy — but that is an instruction to whoever mints the token, not a mechanism.

Exposure — stated only as far as ops-warden can support it

• The comparison above is static, from the policy file in the railiance-platform checkout and ops-warden's catalog. It has not been confirmed against the live OpenBao. The operator token available to ops-warden is expired (bao token lookup → 403), so bao policy read and bao token capabilities could not be run. The deployed policy may differ from the file.
• Whether any agent token currently carries agent-high-risk-boundary at all, and whether any carries it together with a workload-kv-read-* policy, is not established. If no agent tokens exist, exposure is theoretical.
• openbao-api-key is a routing lane whose path_template is a pattern rather than an address; it is listed for completeness but probably cannot be expressed as a policy deny and should be handled by grading the concrete lanes it resolves to.
• No evidence of an actual disclosure through these lanes has been sought or found.

Suggested direction, not a prescription

The two lists should be generated from one source rather than maintained in two places — that is what let them drift for four lanes without anyone noticing. ops-warden's catalog already carries risk and path_template per lane and could emit the deny set; railiance-platform owns whether to consume it. A check that fails when a high-risk lane has no corresponding deny would turn this from an audit into an invariant.

Live verification — 2026-08-21 (ops-warden)

The exposure section above says the comparison is static and that ops-warden's token was expired. The token was not expired — bao token lookup returned a valid platform-admin token from an OIDC login, and bao policy read agent-high-risk-boundary succeeded against https://bao.coulomb.social. The deployed policy has now been read. Reported by the same repo that filed the static version; correcting our own record.

Three changes, one of them against ourselves:

1. Six lanes are uncovered, not eight. The table above lists ops-warden-warden-sign-token (a credential-broker grant, not a KV path) and openbao-api-key (a <domain>/<workload>/<bundle> pattern) among the "concrete KV path" uncovered set — the prose already said the second was a pattern, and the table counted it anyway. Neither can be expressed as a policy deny. Corrected split: 6 covered, 6 uncovered with a concrete path, 5 with no address. The six that stand are rapp-qonto-keycape-client, agent-harness-forgejo-deploy, email-connect-transactional, scaleway-bootstrap, whynot-design-npm-publish, audit-core-senders.

2. Coverage confirmed at 6 of 17 against the live policy. The headline was right and is no longer an inference from a checkout.

3. New — the deployed policy has drifted from the file. The file denies platform/workloads/core-hub/runtime; the server does not. No ops-warden catalog lane maps to that path, so nothing above changes. It matters as evidence rather than as exposure: this finding flagged "the deployed policy may differ from the file" as an unconfirmed risk, and it does differ. Any conclusion drawn from that file alone — by anyone, about any lane — is unsafe. Whether the drift is an undeployed change or a reverted one is railiance-platform's to say, and this is not an assertion that core-hub/runtime should be denied.

The suggested direction is now half-built. ops-warden/scripts/check_agent_read_boundary.py is the check that "fails when a high-risk lane has no corresponding deny" — run against the deployed policy, falling back to the file only with a loud warning, exit 1 on any uncovered lane. It is capabilities-only by construction: it reads the policy document and lane metadata, never a secret value, and never mints a token. What is still missing is the other half — railiance-platform consuming a generated deny set rather than hand-maintaining one. That half is theirs, and ops-warden does not amend another repo's control.

Not established, still. Whether any agent token carries agent-high-risk-boundary, and whether any carries it together with a workload-kv-read-* policy, remains unverified — confirming it means minting or inspecting tokens, which is a write against railiance-platform's OpenBao and not ops-warden's to perform. Exposure remains theoretical to exactly the degree it was before.

Severity, disclosure and the embargo are risk-nexus's to revise, not ours. Note that the embargo condition is a report from railiance-platform on coverage, which this does not satisfy — coverage is unchanged, it is now measured rather than inferred.

Related

• RISK-F-0003 — the ops-warden-side blind spot, mitigated 2026-08-19
• ops-warden ADR-0004, ADR-0007
• ops-warden/wiki/playbooks/agent-read-boundary.md
• railiance-platform/openbao/policies/agent-high-risk-boundary.hcl

Register ruling — 2026-08-20

Renumbered from RISK-F-0004. ops-warden filed it as RISK-F-0004, which this register had already assigned to tenant-engine's unfiltered event read hours earlier. Earlier id keeps it; the newcomer moves. Nothing about the finding changes, and the filing contract now says how ids are allocated so the next reporter does not hit this.

high (I4 × L2), embargoed, no escalation.

I4 on the worst uncovered lane. Eight high-risk lanes have a concrete KV path the policy does not deny. Most are I3-shaped inside their own system; scaleway-bootstrap and agent-harness-forgejo-deploy are not — cloud account bootstrap credentials and a forge deploy key propagate past the system that holds them.

L2. It needs an agent token carrying a workload-kv-read-* policy, which the estate does grant. The register holds ops-warden's two stated limits rather than resolving them in either direction: the comparison is static against the policy file because their operator token is expired (bao token lookup → 403), so the deployed policy may differ; and whether any agent token currently carries agent-high-risk-boundary together with a workload-kv-read-* policy is not established.

No fidelity modifier, same call as RISK-F-0003. ADR-0004 describes two independent layers and one of them covers a third of the lanes, so the documentation overstates the control — but the modifier is scoped to attestations produced at runtime, not to documentation drift. Noted twice now in the same system; if it recurs a third time the modifier's scope is what should be re-examined, not the finding.

No escalation. railiance-platform owns the policy, ops-warden owns the catalog, and they have not disagreed about anything — trigger 4 needs a failed routing exchange, not merely two repos. ops-warden's suggestion that the deny set be generated from the catalog rather than maintained twice is routed as a suggestion, which is what it was offered as.

The pre-existing point is the important one. Four of the eight uncovered lanes were already graded high before the 2026-08-19 regrade. The divergence is not a consequence of that work; the regrade only made the two lists comparable enough to see it. A register that took credit for finding a fresh defect here would be misreading its own evidence.

Disclosure: embargoed, and it changes RISK-F-0003's embargo too. This names eight live KV paths that nothing denies.

One expired credential is blocking verification of both this finding and RISK-F-0003's mitigation. That is not a finding — nothing is wrong with the estate because a token expired — but it is why two gradings here rest on file comparison rather than a probe, and the register says so rather than implying otherwise.

Reviews

• 2026-08-20 — renumbered, graded. Cadence starts at instant: nothing about this has been checked twice yet. Open at the next check: does the deployed policy match the file; do any agent tokens carry both policies; has railiance-platform taken the catalog-generated deny set.
• 2026-08-20 — clean check: checked against the inbox and the owner's record; nothing moved. Cadence instant → 1h (1 clean in a row); next check 2026-08-20 11:02Z.

Check — 2026-08-21: measured rather than inferred, and one number corrected down

ops-warden ran the live verification. Three changes, one of which matters beyond this finding.

The headline stands and is now measured: coverage confirmed at 6 of 17 high-risk lanes.

The uncovered count was wrong in the direction that overstated the finding. Eight became six: the original eight included openbao-api-key, which is a path pattern rather than an address, and ops-warden-warden-sign-token, which is a broker grant — neither is deniable by a policy. The finding's own prose had already flagged the first as "probably cannot be expressed as a policy deny" while the table counted it anyway, and ops-warden corrected against themselves rather than leaving it.

The I4 grade is unaffected: it was scored on the worst uncovered lane, and scaleway-bootstrap and agent-harness-forgejo-deploy are both still in the six.

The token was never expired. The finding recorded bao policy read as returning 403 and the comparison as static. ops-warden reports the token was valid the whole time and the read succeeded on the first attempt. A stale claim about the world sat in the record for a day — the fourth such instance they self-reported in twelve hours.

The part that reaches past this finding

The deployed policy differs from the file. RISK-F-0009 named that as an unconfirmed risk; it is now established. No ops-warden lane maps to the drifted path, so exposure is unchanged — but "the file is not a safe proxy for the server" has moved from suspicion to evidence, and that bears on every grade this register makes off a checkout, including its own method.

docs/method/verification.md is amended accordingly.

The embargo does not lift. Its condition is a coverage report from railiance-platform, and coverage did not improve — it stopped being an inference, which is a different thing. ops-warden put the correction to them directly and said so.

• 2026-08-21 — not clean: owner replied; see the dated check section Cadence 1h → instant; checked again immediately.

Closure — 2026-09-01: generated coverage and live deny-wins proof

RPF-WP-0013 and RAILIANCE-WP-0022 consumed the Warden-generated high-risk path artifact and deployed the result. The source and live readback cover all 14 concrete entries across 19 high-risk lanes, with 5 non-concrete or non-KV lanes correctly classified and 0 uncovered. A dedicated coding-agent-railiance-platform AppRole carrying the boundary plus one workload read policy proved deny-wins: data read was denied while metadata remained readable; the single-use identity was revoked and no secret value was read.

Risk Nexus re-ran the current platform invariant on 2026-09-01; it reports ok: true, 19 lanes, 14 concrete entries, and zero errors or uncovered paths. The condition is met with both generated-source and live-state evidence. The finding is fixed, its wait is removed, and its embargo lifts.

• 2026-09-01 — not clean: generated and live coverage now span every concrete high-risk KV path with deny-wins evidence; status fixed and embargo lifted. Cadence instant → instant; checked again immediately.